Prevención de la sobreestimulación sensorial en el aula
Intentar
IntentarIf enough natural light is available in the space, turn off the overhead lights to reduce the noise from fluorescent bulbs.
Intentar
Instead of raising your voice to gain students’ attention and refocus the group, use a visual method, like a “Quiet” sign or signal.
Intentar
Reveal each visual direction one at a time, and keep the rest out of sight.
What Is Sensory Overstimulation?
What Is Sensory Overstimulation?The more stimulation in an environment, the more competition for attention there is in the part of a student’s brain needed to focus. Processing may slow down or stop if a student is overloaded with visual/auditory information.
Students may be under- or over-responsive to outside stimuli, so maintaining a balance in the classroom is important. In general, keeping a “low stimulus” classroom can help students focus on the stimuli on which you want them to focus.
Many of these tools might be more useful to Classroom Professionals when setting up their rooms. However, they may be helpful for you to know as you choose what materials to bring in, and as you move things around when you come in for your arts residency.
Configuración de aulas de bajo estímulo
TAs are “visitors” to a classroom, but as you develop a relationship with the Classroom Professionals, you may be able to integrate more of these strategies. You may be visiting the same room over a long period of time. This may give you the opportunity to have more of a say in the setup of the classroom or the space you use while you are there as a guest.
Consejo sobre enseñanza y aprendizaje a distancia
Ciertos elementos de la experiencia digital pueden ser sobreestimulantes para algunos estudiantes.
- Switching between various visual settings: screen sharing, multiple-participant or single-speaker view.
- Sound carries very differently and often in a harsher way on digital platforms.
- Lots of visuals moving quickly in and out of videos.
- Switching between full-group and small-group without preparing for transitions.
Considere su espacio y caja digital y el efecto que estos pueden tener en los estudiantes.
- Lighting: Is it hard to see you?
- Your background: Is it cluttered? Is it hard to focus on you? Are there distracting images or text?
- Audio feedback or echoing.
- Camera angle.
Considere cómo se equilibra entre múltiples modalidades de instrucción y expresión y cómo puede ofrecer descansos sensoriales.
- Everyone turns their camera off.
- Everyone mutes their microphone to reduce background noise.
- Invite everyone to find a household item that makes them feel calm.
- Have a moment to focus on only audio input or visual input.
Minimice las distracciones visuales
- Guarde los recursos fuera de la vista si es posible (especialmente las cosas realmente interesantes que trae; trate de guardarlas en una bolsa o debajo de un paño para que los estudiantes no se distraigan con ellas).
- Espere a distribuir los materiales hasta que sean necesarios.
- Reveal one agenda item, visual object/cue, and instruction at a time. Keep the others out of sight when not needed.
- Utilice una flecha u otro marcador para señalar una dirección, enfoque o ayuda visual específicos según sea necesario.
- Try to put your visuals on blank backgrounds (e.g. not on top of the visual materials already posted on the walls by the Classroom Professionals). Alternatively, bring a larger blank piece of paper to create your own “blank space” for visual supports.
- Turn off computers and SMART Boards when not in use.
- Cierre las persianas cuando sea necesario.
- Coloque a los estudiantes que puedan distraerse visualmente lejos de las ventanas / puertas, de cara al frente del salón y de espaldas a otros estudiantes.
- Utilice pantallas o carpetas para reducir la estimulación visual durante el trabajo individual.
- If a student is over-responsive to tactile stimulation, try positioning them at the end of a line or on the side with space between them and other students. Provide clear boundaries (e.g., colored tape, carpet square, poly dots) to allow for adequate space between students.
- Be judicious about what you share visually. Ask the following questions about any visual supports, posters, signs, and displays for your lessons.
- ¿Para qué sirve esto?
- ¿Celebra y apoya el aprendizaje de los estudiantes?
- ¿Quién está representado en las imágenes? ¿Reflejan la diversidad del aula y la comunidad?
- ¿Es actual y acorde con lo que se está aprendiendo en este momento?
- ¿Puede hacerse interactivo?
- ¿Hay un espacio en blanco entre los soportes visuales para ayudar al ojo a distinguir lo que es importante?
Reduce el ruído
- Raising your voice to gain attention might be overwhelming for a student who is sensitive to noise. Use a visual or nonverbal method to gain class attention (e.g., turning the lights off/on or holding up a “Quiet” sign). Establish with the class what strategies you will use (i.e., do not surprise students by turning off the lights).
- Considere cuántas veces les pide a los estudiantes que se muevan por el salón o muevan sus muebles.
- Tenga en cuenta el volumen de la música y la ubicación de los altavoces.
- Put rubber feet or furniture sliders on tables, chairs, and set pieces to prevent a “scraping” sound when they are moved.
Otros consejos
Sea sensible a los aromas
Cuando trabaje con materiales que tengan olores fuertes, mantenga las ventanas abiertas para que haya una ventilación adecuada. Evite usar perfumes o productos fuertemente perfumados.
Usa el color estratégicamente
Colors can affect our own mood, and the same is true about the students in our classrooms. Blues, greens, violet, white, and pastels are colors that tend to calm. Red, yellow, and orange are colors that tend to energize. Purple is a color that stimulates imagination. Learn more about Classroom Color Psychology in the External Resources.
Deja entrar la luz natural
El uso de luz natural siempre que sea posible puede ayudar a reducir la necesidad de iluminación fluorescente, que puede vibrar o parpadear. Si hay un alto nivel de estímulos en el exterior, es posible que deba cerrar las persianas.
